Côco - Potenciais mecanismos de Acão no tratamento e prevenção de Alzheimer

Publicado originalmente em: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25997382/

The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action

W M A D B Fernando 1, Ian J Martins 1, K G Goozee 1, Charles S Brennan 2, V Jayasena 3, R N Martins 1

2015 Jul 14;114(1):1-14. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515001452. Epub 2015 May 22.
PMID: 25997382
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114515001452

Abstract

Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., is a tree that is cultivated to provide a large number of products, although it is mainly grown for its nutritional and medicinal values. Coconut oil, derived from the coconut fruit, has been recognised historically as containing high levels of saturated fat; however, closer scrutiny suggests that coconut should be regarded more favourably. Unlike most other dietary fats that are high in long-chain fatty acids, coconut oil comprises medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA). MCFA are unique in that they are easily absorbed and metabolised by the liver, and can be converted to ketones. Ketone bodies are an important alternative energy source in the brain, and may be beneficial to people developing or already with memory impairment, as in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Coconut is classified as a highly nutritious 'functional food'. It is rich in dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals; however, notably, evidence is mounting to support the concept that coconut may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity, dyslipidaemia, elevated LDL, insulin resistance and hypertension - these are the risk factors for CVD and type 2 diabetes, and also for AD. In addition, phenolic compounds and hormones (cytokinins) found in coconut may assist in preventing the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide, potentially inhibiting a key step in the pathogenesis of AD. The purpose of the present review was to explore the literature related to coconut, outlining the known mechanistic physiology, and to discuss the potential role of coconut supplementation as a therapeutic option in the prevention and management of AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer's; Amyloid; Coconut; Diabetes; Saturated fat.

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Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't · Review

MeSH terms

Alzheimer Disease / prevention & control* · Alzheimer Disease / therapy* · Amyloid beta-Peptides / antagonists & inhibitors · Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism · Antioxidants · Australia · Brain / metabolism · Coconut Oil · Cocos* · Diet* · Dietary Fats / administration & dosage · Dietary Fiber · Dietary Supplements · Fatty Acids / analysis · Fatty Acids / chemistry · Fatty Acids / metabolism · Fruit / chemistry* · Functional Food · Humans · Hyperlipidemias / therapy · Hypertension / therapy · Insulin Resistance · Intestinal Absorption · Ketone Bodies / metabolism · Lipoproteins, LDL / blood · Nutritive Value · Obesity / therapy · Plant Oils / administration & dosage · Plant Oils / chemistry · Risk Factors · Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

Amyloid beta-Peptides · Antioxidants · Dietary Fats · Dietary Fiber · Fatty Acids · Ketone Bodies · Lipoproteins, LDL · Plant Oils · Coconut Oil